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Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) Virus Identified in Eastern North Carolina Horses and Mosquitoes

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RALEIGH — Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus has recently been identified in eastern North Carolina. Horses in three counties — Brunswick, Pender and Onslow — were recently diagnosed with EEE. In addition, EEE virus was detected in a mosquito sample from New Hanover County. No human cases of EEE have been identified in North Carolina so far this year. 

Eastern equine encephalitis virus is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. It can cause serious illness in people as well as horses, donkeys, emus and ostriches. Although uncommon in people, EEE is one of the most severe mosquito-transmitted diseases in both horses and humans in the United States. Approximately a third of people who become ill with EEE die. Many people who survive EEE suffer from long term brain damage. Those under age 15 and over age 50 are at greatest risk of developing severe disease. From 2003 to 2020, 12 human cases of EEE were reported in North Carolina, with infections occurring from July through December.

In North Carolina, EEE virus is most commonly detected in the eastern part of the state, where the virus is normally passed between wild birds and mosquitoes. The mosquito species that is the main carrier of EEE spends most of its time in freshwater swamps and almost exclusively bites birds rather than horses and humans.  

People can protect themselves from EEE by preventing mosquito bites. Consistent use of effective mosquito repellents during the months when they are active is important. A second method is mosquito control efforts, especially in areas near freshwater swamps. There is no vaccine to protect humans from EEE, and no cure once a human is infected. Treatment is limited to managing the symptoms of the disease.

Autumn is also the time of year when most cases of other mosquito borne viral illnesses are reported, such as West Nile virus and La Crosse virus infections. To prevent mosquito-borne illness, NCDHHS’ Division of Public Health encourages people to practice the “3 Ds”:
  • Dress – Wear loose, light-colored clothing that covers your skin.
  • Defend – When the potential exists for exposure to mosquitoes, repellents containing DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) are recommended. Picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus are other repellent options. Learn more about insect repellent options. 
  • Drainage – Check around your home to rid of standing water, which is where mosquitoes can lay their eggs.  
Helpful prevention tips for around the home can be found at www.mosquito.org/resource/resmgr/docs/Mosquito_Info/Control/mosquito_prevention_fact_she.pdf.

If you have specific questions pertaining to EEE in humans, please contact the Communicable Disease Branch at 919-733-3419. For questions about EEE in horses, please consult your veterinarian or the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Veterinary Division, at 919-733-7601. 
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  • Surreal ValeCity online media
  • October 19 2022 Edition
    • Passion Exhibit Gallery Arte Azulejo
    • Gov Ivey Improved Broadband Access
    • Release Alaska Vital Statistics
    • Gov Lamont Clean Energy Investment Plan
    • Gov Reynolds Appoints Eric Howe
    • Gov Reynolds Iowa Budget Surplus
    • Baker Polito 24 Million Skills Capitol Grants
    • Gov Whitmer Increasing Road Patrol Funding
    • Gov Whitmer Investments Jobs Saginaw
    • First Food Delivery Nevadans in Need
    • Gov Sisolak Statement Escaped Inmate
    • Statement Donald J Trump Sept 27
    • Luna Fest Womens Film Festival
  • Elections 2022
    • Kelly for Alaska >
      • Tshibaka Premiere Energy Summit on Facebook
      • Alaska Radio Station Rejects McConnell Attack
      • Tshibaka Endorsed by America's Candidate Fund
      • New Tshibaka TV Ad Highlights
      • Kelly Tshibaka Endorsed by Edgar Blatchford
      • Tshibaka Time For a Change Education
      • As Fauci Retires Remember Murkowski
      • Kelly Tshibaka Statement Alaska Primary
      • Kelly Tshibaka Closing Primary Argument
      • Confirmed Rank Choice Voting Scheme
      • New Tshibaka Ad Can't Trust
      • Tshibaka Earns A Rating
      • Buzz Kelly Suspends Campaign Endorses Tshibaka
      • Tshibaka Time for a Change Constitutional Rights
      • Murkowski Continues Charade Pressing Haaland
      • Kelly Tshibaka Statement Planned Trump Rally
      • Tshibaka Statement Supreme Court Ruling Abortion
      • Tshibaka Blasts Gun Control Deal
      • Murkowski Embraces Gun Control Package
      • Murkowski Erode 2nd Amendment Rights
      • Tshibaka Endorsed by Harold Hamm
      • Jimmy Carter Lisa Murkowski Create Obstacles
      • Tshibaka Murkowski Gross Disregard Workers
      • Kelly Tshibaka Leaked Draft Supreme Court
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